What is a Datum?
Datum is used as a base of measurement or a piece of information, or a point of reference: a point, line, or surface used as a basis for measurement in mapping or surveying.
Datum includes the following:
-Location of the Origin
-Orientation of the Axes
-Geometry of the Surface
A datum describes the model that was used to match the location of features on the ground to coordinates and locations on the map. Maps all start with some form of survey, and this continues on to the next question.
Any map that shows a geographic coordinate system such as UTM or Latitude and Longitude with any precision will also list the datum used on the map.
The components of the NAD27 and NAD83 datums
North American Datum 27: the base center is in Meades, Kansas
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