Grid North is a vertical line on a map pointing north; on any location on the map.
True North is the direction of the north pole; which is 90 degrees north.
Latitudes are lines that run north and south and is usually y on the axis or grid; the south pole is 90 degrees south.
Longitude are lines that run east and west and is usually x on the axis or grid; and is zero degrees at the equator.
Magnetic north is used in compass; and moves depending on the time of year.
Polar Coordinates is the degree of angle and distance from a point; and point of origin is important in the calculating polar coordinates. Bearings are examples of polar coordinates (North, South; East, West).
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Lines of latitude run East - West but measure location North and South of the equator. Lines of Longitude run North - South and measure location East and West of the Prime Meridian. This is a common mis-understanding.
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